Ebook Panduan Asas Ternakan Ikan Keli (Siri 1)
Daun Kapal Terbang
Seperti yang dimaklumkan dalam kursus-kursus sebalum ini, disini dipaparkan gambar bagi daun kapal terbang yang merupakan antara ramuan bagi rawatan air, selain EM,daun ubi kayu dan garam kasar.
KURSUS ASAS PENTERNAKAN IKAN KELI SESI 25
Label:
Kursus Intensif Pembenihan,
RaTu KeLi
UNTUK MAKLUMAN SEMUA
KURSUS ASAS PENTERNAKAN IKAN KELI
SIRI YANG KE-25
AKAN DIADAKAN PADA
6 JUNE 2009
Datanglah beramai-ramai...
Kami juga ada menyediakan tawaran Contract Farming kepada
setiap perserta.. dan kami juga ada menjual
E-book Panduan Asas Menternak Ikan Keli [siri 1] kepada setiap peserta
dengan harga yang berpatutan...
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Berita@Kosmo - Sumber Keli Tidak Halal
'Kita hanya jual di luar Perak' - Ternak ikan keli untuk ‘membersihkan’ air kumbahan dari ladang babi
SEORANG penduduk, Azmi Yunus menunjukkan salah satu kolam ternakan ikan keli yang menggunakan air kumbahan babi di sebuah kawasan dekat Ipoh semalam.
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IPOH - Sanggupkah anda menjamah hidangan ikan keli yang membesar dengan zat air kumbahan dari ladang babi?
Jika tidak, anda harus memastikan ikan keli yang dimakan selepas ini bukan diternak di salah satu daripada 10 kolam ternakan itu yang diusahakan bersebelahan sebuah ladang ternakan babi di negeri ini.
Bagi penduduk berhampiran, penternakan ikan keli oleh pengusaha ladang tersebut tidak lebih sekadar untuk 'membersihkan' air sisa kumbahan babi sebelum ia dilepaskan ke saliran utama berhampiran beberapa kawasan perumahan di situ.
Wartawan dan jurugambar Kosmo! yang berjaya memasuki ladang tersebut semalam, terkejut melihat air kolam-kolam ternakan itu berwarna hijau lumut dan keadaannya jauh berbeza dengan air kolam ternakan ikan keli di tempat lain.
Menurut seorang lelaki yang mendakwa pemilik ladang babi tersebut, ikan-ikan keli yang diternak di kawasan seluas empat hektar itu bukan untuk pasaran tempatan sebaliknya untuk dijual di luar Perak.
"Kita tidak jual sini, semua luar Perak. Sini susah, orang dekat sini sudah bising pasal ladang (babi)," katanya yang enggan dikenali.
Dia enggan menjelaskan di mana ikan keli terbabit dipasarkan tetapi mengakui benih-benih ikan itu diperoleh daripada seorang pemborong di sini.
"Kenapa banyak tanya, saya kata kita tidak jual kepada orang sini (tempatan), awak kalau mahu, beli di tempat lainlah,'' katanya sebelum meminta kami beredar.
Berdasarkan tinjauan, setiap kolam berkenaan mempunyai dua paip saliran, paip masuk dan keluar yang berfungsi mengalirkan air kumbahan kandang babi yang kemudiannya terus ke dalam parit di sebelah ladang terbabit.
Sisa dan air kumbahan yang disalurkan ke dalam kolam dipercayai mendap ke bawah dan menjadi 'makanan' ikan manakala mendapan itu pula menyebabkan permukaan kolam seolah-olah diselaputi lumut.
Dianggarkan lebih 100,000 ekor ikan keli diternak di 10 kolam yang dikawal rapi dan tidak boleh dimasuki pihak luar.
p/s: Ini adalah realiti pasaran ikan keli sekarang....100,000 bermakna 16 tan ikan keli bersedia untuk dikeluarkan. Fikirkan lah..mulakan langkah dari sekarang....alternatif yang halal tersedia...yang penting adalah semangat dan kerjasama...
DR.ISKANDAR
KURSUS ASAS PENTERNAKAN IKAN KELI SIRI 24
Label:
Kursus Intensif Pembenihan
Untuk Makluman Semua Kursus Asas Ternakan Ikan Keli Siri Ke-24 akan di adakan pada 23 MEI 2009.
Datanglah beramai-ramai...
Ebook Panduan Asas Ternakan Ikan Keli (Siri 1) akan dijual MURAH pada harga RM30 sahaja khas untuk peserta kursus Siri Ke-24
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Kursus Asas Penternakan Ikan Keli Sesi-22
Label:
Kursus Asas
Alhamdulillah...
Kursus Asas Siri Ke-22 telah dijalankan dengan jayanya pada 02 Mei 2009. Sesi kali ini hanya merangkumi hanya kurang daripada 20 orang peserta yang datang dari jauh antaranya dari Sibu, Miri, Saratok dan sebagainya...
Kursus Asas Siri Ke-23 akan diadakan pula pada 09 Mei 2009 ditempat yang sama iaitu di Pejabat Urusan Ainul Agrobased di Batu 4 Jalan Matang, Kuching (Di belakang E-Mart, Kuching)
Bagi peserta kursus yang ingin mendapatkan gambar kenangan semasa kursus, anda boleh ke http://www.ratukeli.com/ untuk memuatturun gambar kursus..
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Ich! What are those white spots on my fish?
Label:
Penyakit Keli
Ich or Whitespot Disease is perhaps the most common disease encountered by freshwater aquarists everywhere, both beginning and advanced. It is caused by a protozoan parasite with a complex life cycle - in order to understand how to treat it successfully, you will need to understand a few things about this life cycle.
Low levels of Ich usually result in fish that scratch against inanimate objects in the tank, such as gravel and ornaments. Research has shown that fish can develop partial immunity to low levels of pathogens in their water and establish a tentative balance. Scratching itself should not be cause for real alarm, because some fish can live for years in this state if otherwise kept in optimal conditions, but they should be closely observed just in case. Sudden changes in their environment, such as temperature/pH fluctuations, bad water quality, overcrowding, etc. can disrupt this delicate equilibrium and spur on serious outbreaks of disease (these conditions cause stress, which suppresses the fish's natural immunity). Of special note here are tanks that have not completed cycling (only just set up, but which don't have established nitrifying bacteria in the filter yet), tanks that were overstocked almost overnight, and cases of sudden changes in ambient room temperature. These are especially common in the fall and winter, when ambient temperatures can change so fast that the heater's thermostat lags behind and gives your fish "the chills". Note that, in all these scenarios, Ich should be understood as a consequence of poor fishkeeping conditions, and there´s no point in worrying about treating this consequence without first attacking and correcting the cause of the poor conditions in which the fish are living.
An outbreak of serious Ich will look like white grains of salt on the skin of your fish, from 0.3 to 1.0 mm in diameter. Each individual spot is actually an adult parasite known as the Trophont, which has been enveloped in the pus and tissue of the infected fish's skin and slime layer. Heavy infestations can be very dangerous if they reach the gills or cause secondary bacterial infections, so Ich is definitely not a disease to be treated lightly. If allowed to progress to the point where the fish is very ragged in appearance and hanging near the surface, displaying a lot of respiratory distress, it can be fatal.
The white spots, however, only indicate one stage of Ich (the only one that can be seen by the naked eye). After infecting the fish, the adult organism falls off into the gravel and becomes encysted in a free-living dormant stage known as a Tomont. THIS CYST STAGE IS INVULNERABLE TO MEDICATIONS. This is the reason why a raise in temperature is suggested IN CONJUNCTION with Ich treatments...it speeds up the life cycle and makes the stages that are treatable come around faster. If you do raise the temperature, do so very slowly so as not to stress the weak fish further. Raise it no more than 1-2°C every day, and do not allow this temperature to fluctuate. Also, consider the types of fish you are keeping...most tropicals can tolerate as high as 30-31°C, but most Goldfish will start to languish in the high 20's, so don't push them any further.
Depending on the water temperature, the encysted stage will take from several hours to several days to divide into 200-800 larvae, called Theronts. These must find a host fish within a short window of time or die. They usually infest fish when they scratch against the gravel, continuing the cycle of disease. Usually, all 3 stages will be present within the same tank, but the larval Theront stage is the one that medications and treatments really target.
Luckily, there are a number of very effective treatments available on the market. Some of the most popular include:
QuickCure by Aquarium Pharmaceuticals
Coppersafe by Mardel Laboratories
Super Ick Cure by Jungle Labs
If used correctly, most of these meds have a high success rate, but keep in mind that they are strong treatments that will probably kill your plants (if you have planted tanks, remove fish and treat them separately). Also, with malachite green based meds such as QuickCure, be extra careful and halve the dosage for Catfish and Tetras, which are extra sensitive to the ingredients (and can easily die before they are cured). Treat all fish for at least a week, even contrary to the directions on the label, if you want to prevent reoccurrence later. As can be seen from the complex life cycle, Ich is a tenacious disease that is difficult to eradicate.
Some recommend the addition of aquarium salt (NaCl salt, not to be confused with Marine salt, which contains buffers and should not be used on FW fish) at the concentration of 1 tablespoon per 20 liters with this treatment. This low level of salt (not to be confused with true brackishness) will serve to help wounds heal faster by hyperosmalarity, add electrolytes to help decrease osmotic stress, and also discourage the growth of the parasite. However, salt should be used with extreme caution, since not all fish will tolerate its addition. In particular, do not use salt with sensitive soft water Tetras such as Neons, Cardinals and Glow-Lights, scaleless Catfish (which can be easily burned by it if salt is not pre-dissolved) or live plants.
Through all treatments, temperature should be kept as steady as possible (once it is raised to speed the life cycle), and water changes should be done regularly just as they normally would be (keeping the dosage constant by replacing the amount which is lost with each change). Carbon should be removed from the filter to keep it from absorbing the medication.
With good prevention techniques - buying only healthy fish from reputable LFS, quarantine, keeping the water quality high, and sticking to rules of not overstocking - and some luck, you may never see another case of Ich again.
NOTE 1: There are literally hundreds of diseases that can strike down the fish we keep in home aquaria. Just because your fish is sick, does not mean that they necessarily have ich - fish diseases can have protozoan, macroparasitic, fungal, bacterial, viral, genetic, environmental, and other causes, and all are treated differently. Unless your fish is exhibiting the characteristic salt grain spots, there is no reason to jump to the conclusion that Ich is the cause and start treating for it.
NOTE 2: I have seen posts arguing that Malachite Green increases in toxicity to fish as the temperature increases. You may want to reconsider your decision to use Malachite Green if you intend to raise the temperature at the same time, or if you already maintain your temperature at a higher level than normal. For the record, I have not personally experienced this problem.
Treating White Spot Disease
Label:
Penyakit Keli
White Spot Disease, also known as Ich or Ick, is a very common problem in aquariums and several different methods of treating it has been developed. In this article, we will take a close look at salt and malachite green. If salt or malachite green is the best available treatment for your particular aquarium depends on several different factors, including which species you keep and how sensitive they are to salt. Salt as well as malachite treatment is often combined with an increased water temperature and added aeration.
Malachite green treatment
Malachite green must be accurately dosed since it is a powerful chemical that will kill you fish if you overdo it. Some species are less tolerant to malachite green than others and it is therefore a good idea to research your species to find out how much malachite green they can handle. Many manufacturers recommend one drop of their product for each gallon of water in the aquarium to treat White Spot Disease, but a lot of producers sell really concentrated malachite green where one drop/gallon will not be safe to use on sensitive fish species.
A dose of 0.05 milligrams malachite green per liter water is generally considered safe when used for three successive treatments (one every other day) but calculating it can be a bit tricky since different bottles contain different concentrations of malachite green. Look for the concentration listed on the bottle of the medication. It will normally be in percent, so you need to convert it into milligrams per milliliter. 1 percent equals 1 gram per 100 milliliters of water. A 0.5% malachite green solution will for instance contain 5 mg/milliliter. The recommended dose written on the bottle is often 1 drop per gallon (in the U.S.), and since 1 milliliter is about 15 drops, such a dose will create a concentration much higher than 0.05 milligrams per liter. This is why many aquarists have such bad experiences from malachite green; if you follow the dose recommended by the manufacturer you will often overdose and harm sensitive species. If you purchase a 0,75% malachite green solution, add no more than 4 drops per 10 gallons of water.
Marine salt treatment
The Ich parasite does no like salt and using aquarium or marine salt is therefore a good way of getting rid of it, provided of course that you keep fish species that can tolerate the increased salinity. The high salinity should be maintained for two weeks to be sure that all parasites are really gone. Bringing the salinity up to 5 ppt (parts per thousand) will kill nearly always kill the parasites, but may be too strong for salt intolerant fish. If you keep catfish or equally sensitive species, bring the salinity no higher than 2 ppt and hope for the best.
Temperature and aeration
The use of malachite green or salt is often combined with an increased water temperature when combating White Spot Disease, sine this speeds up the life cycle of the parasite. If you decide to boost up the temperature you should ideally also provide additional aeration since cool water holds oxygen better than warmer water. The increased water temperature will simultaneously increase the metabolism of your fish, which in turn increases their need for oxygen. Since Ich parasites frequently attached themselves to the gills of fish and destroys them, it is easy to understand that an increased water temperature can be very difficult for the diseased fish to handle. Adding additional aeration and keeping the oxygen levels really high will aid them in their struggle. source:http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/disease/whitespot.php
Common bacterial disease found in dead catfish
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Penyakit Keli
Preliminary test results have found a common bacterial disease in one of the hundreds of dead catfish found along the shores of the Ottawa River, although there's no indication yet that it's the cause of death.
Columnaris, a bacteria that enters fish through gills or the mouth, was found during tests on one of the fish that washed up on the shoreline last week.
Ministry of Natural Resources official Doug Skeggs told CBC News the result is very preliminary but added that it gives investigators something to go on. Growth of the bacteria is increased in warmer water.
Earlier, officials with the Ministry of Natural Resources said a period of warm weather at the end of July and higher than normal concentrations of algae may have contributed to the deaths of the fish.
Ontario's Ministry of Natural Resources said it's now investigating 60 kilometres of shoreline, more than double the area originally thought to be affected.
The area now extends from Chenaux Dam near Portage-du-Fort east to Constance Bay, about 15 kilometres west of Ottawa.
Don't eat fish or swim in river
Crews from Natural Resources headed back to the river on Wednesday to examine more dead catfish and collect live ones for testing.
Officials have repeated earlier warnings to residents of Renfrew County, asking them to avoid swimming in and drinking from the section of the river under investigation.
"There is nothing that we're aware of that is a concern for human health at this point," said Doug Skeggs, a spokesman with the Ministry of Natural Resources.
"Strictly as a precautionary measure, the Renfrew County health unit has advised people, while we don't know what has caused this, to not swim in the water."
Ministry officials have also warned people not to eat fish caught in the river.
Drinking water OK, city says
Meanwhile, Ottawa Public Health officials said samples taken within the city limits last week showed excellent water quality along the river. No city beaches have been closed.
A spokesperson said there is no threat to Ottawa's drinking water, which is treated after it is taken from the river.
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